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ABSTRACT The collapse of the Fundão Dam in Mariana, MG, in 2015 introduced the challenge of using Technosol, a soil type formed by deposition of iron mining waste along the Doce River banks, for agricultural purposes. This study aimed to determine the optimal water depth for enhancing production of tropical forage, Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombasa, when grown on iron ore tailings. Additionally, it sought to establish a crop coefficient applicable to the edaphoclimatic conditions of Viçosa, MG, Brazil. The experiment was conducted throughout the summer, fall, and winter of 2022, employing 21 drainage lysimeters. A completely randomized experimental design was adopted, featuring six treatment groups (plants in Technosol receiving water depths ranging from 20 to 120% of the crop’s evapotranspiration, as derived from the control treatment), along with a control group (plants in Latosol with a depth of 100%), each with three repetitions. Our findings showed that irrigation must replace 40% of the crop evapotranspiration. Moreover, cultivating in Technosol resulted in a reduction of productive capacity by 37.39% during the summer/fall and fall seasons. For Mombasa grass grown in Oxisol, crop coefficients of 1.2 during the summer and 1.5 during the fall and winter are advised.

RESUMO O rompimento da Barragem do Fundão em Mariana, MG, ocorrida em 2015, trouxe o desafio de usar o Tecnossolo (tipo de solo) formado pela deposição do rejeito de mineração de ferro nas margens do Rio Doce para agricultura. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi obter a lâmina de água para otimizar a produção da forragem tropical Megathyrsus maximum cv. Mombaça, cultivada em rejeito de mineração de ferro e determinar seu coeficiente de cultura para as condições edafoclimáticas de Viçosa, MG. O experimento foi realizado durante as estações de verão, outono e inverno do ano de 2022, com a utilização de 21 lisímetros de drenagem. O experimento foi distribuído em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 6 tratamentos (plantas em Tecnossolo com lâminas variando de 20 a 120% da evapotranspiração da cultura, obtida do tratamento-testemunha) e adição de uma testemunha (plantas em Latossolo com lâmina de 100%) com três repetições. Recomenda-se irrigação com reposição de 40% da evapotranspiração da cultura. O cultivo em Tecnossolo diminuiu a capacidade produtiva em 37,39% nos ciclos das estações do verão/outono e outono. Recomenda-se os coeficientes de cultura de 1,2 no verão e 1,5 no outono e no inverno, para o capim-Mombaça cultivado em um Latossolo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v28n3e275196

Abordagem Familiar na Atenção Primária: Revisão de Literatura
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Pinto, Carolina Teixeira

; Salomão, Letícia Franco

; Rezende, Katia T. A.

; Chirelli, Mara Quaglio

; Farias, Caroline Freitas

; Marinho, Nicolav Victoria Garrett

New Trends in Qualitative Research

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Mar 2024, Volume 19 elocation e831

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução: As mudanças nas práticas de cuidado à saúde na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) no Brasil requer uma abordagem às famílias, em contraposição ao modelo biomédico, fragmentado, centrado no médico e na doença. Reconhece-se a necessidade de se identificar como os profissionais tem se instrumentalizado para realizar essa ação. Objetivo: Identificar e sistematizar a abordagem familiar na APS. Material e Métodos: Revisão integrativa a partir do questionamento - Como tem sido desenvolvido o cuidado às famílias pela equipe da atenção primária e/ou atenção domiciliar? Pesquisa realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, Medline, BVS acessados pelo portal PubMed, utilizando as seguintes palavras-chave e descritores: family caregiving; Professional-Family Relations; Family Nursing; Family-centred care; Primary Health Care, no período de 2010 a 2021. Realizou-se análise temática dos resultados, identificando-se o tema: Estratégias de abordagem das Famílias na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Resultados: Os 19 artigos selecionados na revisão integrativa revelou que a abordagem familiar, internacionalmente, ocorre, preponderantemente, por meio de formação / educação em saúde do sujeito e ou familiares e ou cuidadores. Considerações Finais: A análise temática auxiliou na classificação dos resultados da revisão integrativa, revelando que a abordagem familiar, internacionalmente, ocorre, preponderantemente, por meio de formação / educação em saúde do sujeito e ou cuidadores.

Abstract Introduction: Changes in health care practices in Primary Health Care (PHC) in Brazil require an approach to families, as opposed to the fragmented biomedical model, centered on the doctor and the disease. It is recognized the need to identify how professionals have been equipped to carry out this action. Objective: To identify and systematize the family approach in PHC. Material and Methods: integrative review based on the question - How has the care for families been developed by the primary care team and/or home care? Research carried out in the LILACS, Medline, VHL databases accessed through the PubMed portal, using the following keywords and descriptors: family caregiving; Professional-Family Relations; Family Nursing; Family-centered care; Primary Health Care, from 2010 to 2021. A thematic analysis of the results was carried out, identifying the theme: Strategies for Approaching Families in Primary Health Care. Results: The 19 articles selected in the integrative review revealed that the family approach, internationally, occurs, predominantly, through training / health education of the subject and/or family members and/or caregivers. Final Considerations: The thematic analysis helped classify the results of the integrative review, revealing that the family approach, internationally, occurs, predominantly, through training/education in health of the subject and/or caregivers.

https://doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.19.2023.e831

Trasplante cardíaco y autólogo de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas en pacientes con amiloidosis AL
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Carretero, Marcelina

; Villanueva, Eugenia

; Brulc, Erika B.

; Faelo, Franco M.

; Aguirre, María A.

; Pérez-de-Arenaza, Diego

; Belziti, Cesar A.

; Arbelbide, Jorge A.

; Nucifora, Elsa M.

; Posadas-Martinez, María L.

Archivos de cardiología de México

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Dez 2023, Volume 93 Nº 4 Páginas 435 - 441

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: Describir la evolución de las cadenas livianas libres séricas (CLL) en el período comprendido entre el trasplante cardíaco ortotópico (TCO) y el trasplante de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas (TCPH), la respuesta hematológica al año tras el TCPH y el tratamiento quimioterápico e inmunosupresor en pacientes con amiloidosis AL. Método: Serie de casos de pacientes consecutivos con diagnóstico de amiloidosis AL que recibieron TCO seguido de TCPH del Registro Institucional de Amiloidosis del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, entre enero de 2010 y noviembre de 2021. Se reportaron los valores de CLL entre trasplantes y al año del TCPH. Las variables cuantitativas se describieron como mediana e intervalo intercuartil, y las variables categóricas como frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: De 106 pacientes con amiloidosis AL, seis tuvieron TCO seguido de TCPH. La mediana de edad fue de 55 años. La mayoría eran hombres (n = 5). En el período entre trasplantes, la CLL involucrada disminuyó en dos pacientes y se mantuvo estable en tres. Todos lograron la remisión hematológica completa al año del TCPH. Un solo paciente presentó recaída en el órgano sólido trasplantado. Tacrolimus, micofenolato de mofetilo y corticoides fue el esquema inmunosupresor utilizado después del TCO. Conclusiones: El TCO representa una opción de tratamiento en pacientes con falla cardíaca grave por amiloidosis, permitiendo luego un tratamiento intensivo con quimioterapia de inducción y TCPH. Si bien faltan estudios, la terapia inmunosupresora después del TCO podría tener algún efecto sobre las células plasmáticas clonales.

Abstract Objective: To describe the evolution of serum free light chains (FLC) in the period between orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), the hematological response one year after ASCT and chemotherapy and immunosuppressive treatment in patients with AL amyloidosis. Method: Case series of consecutive patients diagnosed with AL amyloidosis who received OHT followed by ASCT from the Institutional Registry of Amyloidosis of the Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, between January 2010 and November 2021. FLC values between transplants and at year post ASCT. Quantitative variables were described with their median and interquartile range. Categorical variables as absolute and relative frequencies. Results: Of 106 patients with AL amyloidosis, 6 had an OHT followed by ASCT. The median age was 55 years. Most were men (n = 5). In the period between transplants, the involved CLL decreased in two patients and remained stable in three. All achieved complete hematologic remission 1 year after ASCT. A single patient presented relapse in the transplanted solid organ. Tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and corticosteroids were the immunosuppressive regimen used after OHT. Conclusions: OHT represents a treatment option in patients with severe heart failure due to amyloidosis, allowing later intensive treatment with induction chemotherapy and ASCT. Although studies are lacking, immunosuppressive therapy after OHT might have some effect on clonal plasma cells.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.22000208

Third National Registry of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs in Mexico (RENAPREC III-2022)
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Lara-Vargas, Jorge A.

; Ilarraza-Lomelí, Hermes

; García-Saldivia, Marianna

; Pineda-García, Alfredo D.

; Leyva-Valadez, Eduardo A.

; Justiniano-Cordero, Samuel

; Sahagún-Olmos, Roberto

; Zavala-Ramírez, Juana

; Cassaigne-Guasco, María E.

; Sánchez-Limón, Edgar-F

; Castañeda-López, Javier

; Cerón-Enríquez, Norma

; Ku-González, Andrés

; Arteaga-Martínez, Rodolfo

; Hinojosa-López, Tania

; Vergara-Guzmán, Jéssica

; Pérez-Vázquez, Daniel I.

; Gasca-Zamudio, Pedro D.

; Aranda-Ayala, Zulema L.

; Vacío-Reyes, Martha E.

; Reza-Orozco, Marco

; Alcocer-Gamboa, Miguel A.

; Hernández-González, Pedro A.

; Pérez-Reyes, Angélica A.

; Núñez-Urquiza, Juan P.

; Alonso-Sánchez, Jesús

; Franco-Valles, Sarahí

; Romo-Escamilla, Ricardo E.

; Nuriulú-Escobar, Patricia

; Serna-Santamaría, Iván

; Avilés-González, Jorge

; Salgado-Solorio, María C.

; Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Luz M.

; Mendoza-Díaz, Pedro M.

; Ávila-Estrada, Ángel

; Morales-Medina, Carlos

; Lara-Vázquez, Eduardo

; Rodríguez-Herrera, Paulina

; Galván-López, María

; Segoviano-Mendoza, Georgina

; De-la-Torre-Cruz, Fabiola

; Jiménez-Campos, Cecilia

; Ramírez-Meléndez, Alejandra

; Almaraz-Ríos, Alejandro

; González-Bonilla, Mezthly

; Rojano-Castillo, Jessica

; Rius-Suarez, María D.

Archivos de cardiología de México

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Dez 2023, Volume 93 Nº 4 Páginas 405 - 416

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

Abstract Introduction: In Mexico, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as an interdisciplinary intervention with therapeutic impact in patients with heart disease is growing. There is the need to know actual conditions of CR in our country. Objectives: The objective of this National Registry is to follow-up those existing and new CR units in Mexico through the comparison between the two previous registries, RENAPREC-2009 and RENAPREC II-2015 studies. This is a descriptive study focused on diverse CR activities such as assistance training, and certification of health professionals, barriers, reference, population attended, interdisciplinarity, permanence over time, growth prospects, regulations, post-pandemic condition, integrative characteristics, and scientific research. Results: Data were collected from 45 CR centers in the 32 states, 75.5% are private practice units, 67% are new, 33% were part of RENAPREC II-2015, and 17 have continued since 2009. With a better distribution of CR units along the territory, the median reference of candidates for CR programs is 9% with a significant reduction into tiempo of enrollment to Phase II admission (19 ± 11 days). Regarding to previous registries, the coverance of Phases I, II, and III is 71%, 100%, and 93%, respectively; and a coverance increases in evaluation, risk stratification, and prescription, more comprehensive attendance and prevention strategies. Conclusions: CR in Mexico has grown in the past 7 years. Even there is still low reference and heterogeneity in specific processes, there are strengths such as interdisciplinarity, scientific professionalization of specialists, national diversification, and an official society that are consolidated over time.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.22000235

Record of Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke) affecting soybeans in Itapúa, Paraguay
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Schlickmann-Tank, José A.

; Talavera-Stefani, Liliana Noelia

; Burgos-Cantoni, Cinthia Noemi

; Mongelós-Franco, Jazmin Yeruti

; Enciso-Maldonado, Guillermo Andres

Revista de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay

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Dez 2023, Volume 28 Nº 2 Páginas 269 - 279

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT During the 2021/2022 soybean production season in Itapúa, Paraguay, the presence of Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke) caterpillars affecting soybean pods in the country was documented. The observations were made amidst a widespread drought that adversely affected soybean production. Caterpillars were collected from pods that exhibited signs of pest entry. Morphological characterization of the collected specimens matched the descriptions provided in taxonomic keys for E. zinckenella larvae. Molecular identification through DNA extraction and sequencing confirmed the identity of the pest as E. zinckenella, exhibiting a 96% similarity with known accessions of the species in the GenBank database. As a challenging pest to control, efforts should be directed towards evaluating the economic and damage thresholds caused by E. zinckenella, assessing resistance in soybean varieties used in Paraguay, and investigating the efficacy of biological and chemical insecticides. These findings can contribute to the development of integrated management strategies for effectively mitigating the impact of this pest on soybean production in Paraguay.

RESUMEN Durante la temporada de producción de soja 2021/2022 en la región de Itapúa, Paraguay, se documentó la presencia de orugas Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke) afectando las vainas de soja en el país. Las observaciones se realizaron en medio de una sequía generalizada que afectó negativamente a la producción de soja. Las orugas se recolectaron de las vainas que mostraban signos de entrada de plagas. La caracterización morfológica de los especímenes recolectados coincidió con las descripciones proporcionadas en claves taxonómicas para las larvas de E. zinckenella. La identificación molecular a través de la extracción y secuenciación de ADN confirmó la identidad de la plaga como E. zinckenella, exhibiendo un 96% de similitud con las accesiones conocidas de la especie en la base de datos GenBank. Como plaga difícil de controlar, los siguientes esfuerzos deben dirigirse a evaluar los umbrales económicos y de daño causados por E. zinckenella, evaluar la resistencia en las variedades de soja utilizadas en Paraguay e investigar la eficacia de los insecticidas biológicos y químicos. Estos hallazgos pueden contribuir al desarrollo de estrategias de manejo integrado para mitigar de manera efectiva el impacto de esta plaga en la producción de soja en Paraguay.

https://doi.org/10.32480/rscp.2023.28.2.10

Atenção Primária à Saúde Diante da Violência contra a Mulher: Revisão Integrativa
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Santos, Gabriela Grandino Rodrigues dos

; Rezende, Katia T. A.

; Santos, Ione Ferreira

; Chirelli, Mara Quaglio

; Tonhom, Silvia Franco da Rocha

; Cardoso, Cristina Peres

New Trends in Qualitative Research

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Out 2023, Volume 18 elocation e904

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) atende às necessidades individuais e coletivas da sua população adstrita. Dessa forma, considera-se que a equipe de saúde acolhe as mulheres, que sofreram violência. Contudo, os estudos mostram a fragilidade nos atendimentos a esse grupo. Nesse sentido, questiona-se, especificamente, a atuação dos enfermeiros. Eles são capazes de reconhecer, de maneira precoce, as usuárias do serviço de saúde, que sofrem, ou que correm risco de sofrer violência? Denunciariam a violência contra mulheres atendidas, na unidade de saúde? Existe um ditado, muito forte no Brasil, que diz: “em briga de marido e mulher, não se mete a colher”. Será que esta crença interfere nas ações dos enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS)? Diante deste contexto, a pergunta desta investigação é: “Como o enfermeiro atua perante a violência contra a mulher na APS?” Objetivo: Identificar e sistematizar a atuação do enfermeiro perante a violência contra a mulher na APS. Método: Utilizou-se da Revisão Integrativa, buscando nas bases de dados LILACS e BDENF, no período entre 2011 a 2021, e nos idiomas inglês e português, artigos que respondiam à pergunta de pesquisa. Resultados: Os encaminhamentos para serviços especializados, serviço social e de psicologia, construção do vínculo, acolhimento e empatia são atuações promovidas pelos enfermeiros na APS. Considerações Finais: Considera-se que a revisão integrativa alcançou os objetivos propostos, uma vez que foi possível identificar e sistematizar a atuação do enfermeiro. Este profissional possui o papel de coordenador e, por sua vez, integrador da equipe. É importante que o mesmo elabore atividades de capacitação, atue com uma visão holística e multiprofissional, devido à alta complexidade da violência doméstica contra a mulher.

Primary Health Care (PHC) meets the individual and collective needs of its assigned population. Thus, it is considered that the health team welcomes women who have suffered violence. However, studies show the fragility of care for this group. In this sense, the role of nurses is specifically questioned. Are they able to recognize, at an early stage, users of the health service who suffer, or who are at risk of suffering violence? Would they denounce violence against women assisted at the health unit? There is a saying, very strong in Brazil, that says: "in a fight between husband and wife, don't get involved". Does this belief interfere with the actions of Primary Health Care (PHC) nurses? Given this context, the question of this investigation is: “How do nurses act in the face of violence against women in PHC?” Objective: To identify and systematize the role of nurses in the face of violence against women in PHC. Method: The Integrative Review was used, searching the LILACS and BDENF databases, in the period between 2011 and 2021, and in English and Portuguese, for articles that answered the research question. Results: Referrals to specialized services, social and psychological services, bond building, welcoming and empathy are actions promoted by nurses in PHC. Final Considerations: It is considered that the integrative review achieved the proposed objectives, since it was possible to identify and systematize the nurse's performance. This professional has the role of coordinator and, in turn, integrator of the team. It is important that he develop training activities, act with a holistic and multidisciplinary vision, due to the high complexity of domestic violence against women.

https://doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.18.2023.e904

Procalcitonina y proteína C reactiva: marcadores en el diagnóstico temprano de fuga anastomótica
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Maldonado-Hernández, Isadora G.

; Vega-Chavarría, Eduardo

; Nacud-Bezies, Yamir A.

; Cordero-Franco, Hid F.

; Palacios-Saucedo, Gerardo C.

Cirugía y cirujanos

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Ago 2023, Volume 91 Nº 4 Páginas 542 - 549

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar la eficacia de la procalcitonina (PCT) y la proteína C reactiva (PCR) séricas en el diagnóstico de fuga anastomótica (FA) en los pacientes sometidos a cirugía colorrectal. Método: Prueba diagnóstica en un hospital de tercer nivel. Se excluyeron los pacientes que no tuvieron mediciones preoperatorias de PCT y PCR. Se eliminaron los que cursaron con infección posoperatoria no relacionada con FA. Las medidas de eficacia diagnóstica fueron sensibilidad (S), especificidad (E), valores predictivos positivo (VPP) y negativo (VPN), razones de verosimilitud positiva (RV+) y negativa (RV−), y área bajo la curva característica operativa del receptor (AUROC). Resultados: Se analizaron 39 pacientes, de los cuales 6 (15.4%) tuvieron FA. La PCT y la PCR aumentaron al segundo día posoperatorio solo en los pacientes con FA. Los puntos de corte al día 2 fueron 1.55 ng/ml para PCT y 11.25 mg/l para PCR. La prueba más eficaz fue la PCR al día 2 (AUROC: 1.00; S: 100%; E: 96.7%; VPP: 85.7%; VPN: 100%; RV+: 33.0). Conclusiones: La PCR en el segundo día posoperatorio fue la prueba más eficaz en el diagnóstico temprano de FA en los pacientes sometidos a cirugía colorrectal, con un punto de corte inferior a lo reportado en la literatura internacional.

Abstract Objective: To determine the efficacy of serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the early diagnosis of anastomotic leak (AL) in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Method: Diagnostic test in a tertiary care hospital. Patients who did not have preoperative measurements of PCT and CRP were excluded. Those with postoperative infection not related to AL were eliminated. The diagnostic efficacy measures were sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp), positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values, positive (LR+) and negative (LR−) likelihood ratios, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Results: Thirty-nine patients were analyzed; six had AL (15.4%). PCT and CRP increased on the second postoperative day, only in patients with AL. The cut-off points at the second postoperative day were 1.55 ng/mL for PCT and 11.25 mg/L for CRP. The most efficacious test was PCR at second postoperative day (AUROC: 1.00; Sn: 100%; Sp: 96.7%; PPV: 85.7%; NPV: 100%; LR+: 33.0). Conclusions: CRP at second postoperative day was the most effective test in the early diagnosis of AL in patients undergoing colorectal surgery, with a cut-off point lower than that reported in the international literature.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ciru.22000116

ESPACIALIDAD Y TEMPORALIDAD DE PAISAJES ALDEANOS TEMPRANOS EN EL SUR DE LAS CUMBRES CALCHAQUÍES. LA CIÉNEGA Y ANFAMA, TUCUMÁN
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Moyano, Gonzalo

; Franco, Francisco

; Lillo, Jordi A. López

; Fiorani, Agustina Vázquez

; Montegú, Juan M.

; Arias, Stefania Chiavassa

; Justiniano, Lucía

; Tonello, Agustina Etchegoin

; Salvi, Valeria Franco

; Salazar, Julián

Relaciones

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Mai 2023, Volume 48 Supl. 1 Páginas 11 - 12

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La vertiente oriental de las Cumbres Calchaquíes, en la provincia de Tucumán, es un área donde se expandieron amplias y complejas ocupaciones humanas que dieron forma a paisajes aldeanos tempranos. Su estudio arqueológico se ha caracterizado por un heterogéneo conoci miento de distintas localidades. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de investigaciones realizadas por nuestro equipo desde el año 2014, abordando en clave comparativa las configu raciones materiales de la cuenca de Anfama y el valle de La Ciénega, datadas entre los siglos I y VII d.C. El objetivo principal es realizar una síntesis de las investigaciones llevadas a cabo hasta el momento y definir similitudes y particularidades en las maneras de habitar que desarrollaron las poblaciones de los sectores estudiados. Principalmente se analizan tres ejes articuladores: características generales de los paisajes, estructuración de los espacios domésticos y temporalidad.

ABSTRACT The eastern slopes of the Cumbres Calchaquíes, in the province of Tucumán, is an area where large and complex human occupations have expanded rising early villager landscapes. Their archaeological research has been characterized by a heterogeneous knowledge of diffe- rent localities. This paper presents the results of research carried out by our team since 2014, addressing in comparative key the material configurations of the Anfama basin and the valley of La Ciénega, dating between the 1st and 7th century A.D. The main objective is to synthesize the researches carried out so far, in order to determine similarities and particularities of the ways of living developed by the populations of the studied sectors. We mainly address three articulating axes: general characteristics of the landscapes, structuring of domestic spaces, and temporality.

https://doi.org/10.24215/18521479e048

Parasitismo y abejas: una revisión de conceptos básicos desde una perspectiva ecológica
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FERNANDEZ DE LANDA, Gregorio

; IGLESIAS, Azucena E.

; BRASESCO, Constanza

; CORTI, Camila

; CECCHETTO, Franco

; DOMINGUEZ, Enzo

; FERNÁNDEZ, Natalia

; FERNANDEZ DE LANDA, Mateo

; GARRIDO, Melisa

; MITTON, Giulia A.

; PORRINI, Martín

; , Facundo

; REVAINERA, Pablo D.

; SARLO, Edgardo

; MARCANGELI, Jorge

; EGUARAS, Martín J.

; MAGGI, Matias D.

Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina

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Mar 2023, Volume 82 Nº 1 Páginas 1 - 12

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Términos como “parásitos”, “patógenos” o “virus” se utilizan en el campo de la medicina para la identificación de organismos que producen daño sobre otros. Sin embargo, en el campo de la veterinaria y su interacción con la ecología el contexto es diferente: la utilización indiscriminada de estos términos ha producido que muchas veces los mismos se utilicen como sinónimos. Al estudiar la bibliografía disponible sobre apicultura o conservación de abejas nativas, podemos observar que solamente unos pocos y recientes estudios se focalizan en esta necesaria reconceptualización de los términos basada en la ecología. A lo largo de esta revisión buscaremos diferenciar los conceptos de “parásito”, “patógeno” y“virus”, y redefinir los conceptos de “virulencia” y “patogenicidad” bajo un contexto ecológico. Esta revisión, propone demostrar que las interacciones parásito/hospedador pueden expresarse de forma diferencial en función del contexto micro (hospedador) y macro ambiental (ambiente del hospedador). Aunque utilizaremos a las abejas melíferas (Apis mellifera) como modelo, la teoría aquí abordada podría ser extrapolada por el lector a otros sistemas parasitarios.

Abstract Parasitism and bees: a concept revision from an ecological perspective. From the beginning all, parasites, pathogens and viruses are organisms that have a negative connotation in the field of medicine. However, the use of methodologies and terms of medicine in the field of ecology and, above all, veterinary medicine, led to this understanding of "pathogenic" organisms reaching such studies. When we look into the apicultural research bibliography, we find that these concepts sometimes are poorly distinguished and only a few early studies have been focused on bringing light on this conflictive conceptualization. Today we find a large number of scientific articles that misuse these terms and often consider them as synonyms. Throughout this review we will seek to differentiate each of these terms and generate consensus that avoids the confusion of such important ecological concepts.

10.

RECIENTES DATOS DE ELEMENTOS TRAZA DE LA NUEVA FUENTE PRIMARIA DE OBSIDIANA NEGRA TRES CERROS (NORESTE DE LA PROVINCIA DE SANTA CRUZ, PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA)
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FRANCO, NORA V.

; BROOK, GEORGE A.

; AMBRÚSTOLO, PABLO

; IGLESIAS, CLAUDIO

; STERN, CHARLES

; GLASCOCK, MICHAEL D.

; VETRISANO, LUCAS

Magallania (Punta Arenas)

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2023, Volume 51 elocation 4

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN: Se informa sobre la presencia de un afloramiento de obsidiana negra previamente desconocido ubicado en el extremo oriental del Macizo del Deseado, en cercanías del océano Atlántico y de la localidad de Tres Cerros, en Patagonia. La obsidiana constituye un vidrio de riolita subalcalina con contenido medio de potasio. Es de menor calidad que la obsidiana negra de la fuente de Pampa del Asador, emplazada en inmediaciones de la cabecera del río Chico, en el noroeste de Santa Cruz. Los datos geoquímicos de ICP-MS e INAA obtenidos para 16 muestras de obsidiana son comparables cuando se consideran las incertidumbres de medición. Sin embargo, éstos son significativamente diferentes a los datos de ICP-MS publicados para muestras procedentes de Pampa del Asador y 17 de Marzo, lo que indica que la obsidiana de Tres Cerros se puede diferenciar geoquímicamente de las mencionadas fuentes secundarias. Se analizó un artefacto de obsidiana negra procedente del sitio Alero 4, ubicado en la costa noreste de Santa Cruz, que presentaba características macroscópicas similares a las identificadas en las muestras de Tres Cerros. Los resultados indicaron que se trataba de una obsidiana procedente de Pampa del Asador. Asimismo, las tendencias geoquímicas obtenidas para las muestras de Tres Cerros no resultaron compatibles con las observadas en artefactos de los sitios Alero del Valle y Cueva Aristizábal, emplazados próximos a la costa sudeste de Santa Cruz. En este sentido, si bien aún no se han registrado evidencias que indiquen la explotación de la fuente Tres Cerros por parte de grupos humanos cazadores-recolectores que ocuparon Patagonia en el pasado, la caracterización geoquímica aquí presentada constituye información que podrá ser comparada con muestras procedentes de sitios arqueológicos ubicados a distintas distancias de ella, contribuyendo de esta manera a entender la movilidad humana en la región, así como los criterios de selección de materias primas.

ABSTRACT: We report a previously unknown black obsidian outcrop located at the eastern end of the Deseado Massif, near the Atlantic Ocean and the town of Tres Cerros, in Patagonia. This obsidian is a subalkaline rhyolite glass with medium potassium content. It is of lower quality than the black obsidian from the Pampa del Asador source, located in the vicinity of the headwaters of the Chico River, in the northwest of Santa Cruz. The ICP-MS and INAA geochemical data obtained for 16 obsidian samples are comparable when measurement uncertainties are considered. However, these are significantly different from published ICP-MS data for samples from Pampa del Asador and 17 de Marzo, indicating that obsidian from Tres Cerros can be differentiated geochemically from these secondary sources. A black obsidian artifact from the Alero 4 site, located on the northeastern coast of Santa Cruz, was analyzed, showing macroscopic characteristics similar to those identified in the Tres Cerros samples. The results indicated that it was an obsidian from Pampa del Asador. Likewise, the geochemical trends obtained for the Tres Cerros samples were not compatible with those observed in artifacts from the Alero del Valle and Cueva Aristizábal sites, located close to the southeast coast of Santa Cruz. In this sense, we emphasize that no evidence has yet been recorded that indicates the exploitation of Tres Cerros source by human hunter-gatherer groups that occupied the Patagonian region in the past. In this framework, the geochemical characterization of the potential source presented here constitutes initial information which can be compared with the one obtained from artifacts in archaeological sites, providing information to understand human mobility and the criteria for raw material selection.

https://doi.org/10.22352/magallanla202351004

11.

Cholic and deoxycholic acids induce mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired biogenesis and autophagic flux in skeletal muscle cells
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Abrigo, Johanna

; Olguín, Hugo

; Tacchi, Franco

; Orozco-Aguilar, Josué

; Valero-Breton, Mayalen

; Soto, Jorge

; Castro-Sepúlveda, Mauricio

; Elorza, Alvaro A.

; Simon, Felipe

; Cabello-Verrugio, Claudio

Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation 30

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Skeletal muscle is sensitive to bile acids (BA) because it expresses the TGR5 receptor for BA. Cholic (CA) and deoxycholic (DCA) acids induce a sarcopenia-like phenotype through TGR5-dependent mechanisms. Besides, a mouse model of cholestasis-induced sarcopenia was characterised by increased levels of serum BA and muscle weakness, alterations that are dependent on TGR5 expression. Mitochondrial alterations, such as decreased mitochondrial potential and oxygen consumption rate (OCR), increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and unbalanced biogenesis and mitophagy, have not been studied in BA-induced sarcopenia. Methods We evaluated the effects of DCA and CA on mitochondrial alterations in C2C12 myotubes and a mouse model of cholestasis-induced sarcopenia. We measured mitochondrial mass by TOM20 levels and mitochondrial DNA; ultrastructural alterations by transmission electronic microscopy; mitochondrial biogenesis by PGC-1α plasmid reporter activity and protein levels by western blot analysis; mitophagy by the co-localisation of the MitoTracker and LysoTracker fluorescent probes; mitochondrial potential by detecting the TMRE probe signal; protein levels of OXPHOS complexes and LC3B by western blot analysis; OCR by Seahorse measures; and mtROS by MitoSOX probe signals. Results DCA and CA caused a reduction in mitochondrial mass and decreased mitochondrial biogenesis. Interestingly, DCA and CA increased LC3II/LC3I ratio and decreased autophagic flux concordant with raised mitophagosome-like structures. In addition, DCA and CA decreased mitochondrial potential and reduced protein levels in OXPHOS complexes I and II. The results also demonstrated that DCA and CA decreased basal, ATP-linked, FCCP-induced maximal respiration and spare OCR. DCA and CA also reduced the number of cristae. In addition, DCA and CA increased the mtROS. In mice with cholestasis-induced sarcopenia, TOM20, OXPHOS complexes I, II and III, and OCR were diminished. Interestingly, the OCR and OXPHOS complexes were correlated with muscle strength and bile acid levels. Conclusion Our results showed that DCA and CA decreased mitochondrial mass, possibly by reducing mitochondrial biogenesis, which affects mitochondrial function, thereby altering potential OCR and mtROS generation. Some mitochondrial alterations were also observed in a mouse model of cholestasis-induced sarcopenia characterised by increased levels of BA, such as DCA and CA.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-023-00436-3

12.

Morphological and histometric features of the caudal kidney in piranha Pygocentrus nattereri (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae)
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Marcondes, Sandriely F.

; Siqueira, Mayara S.

; Leão, Taynara R. F.

; Rodrigues, Robson A.

; Farias, Karine N. N.

; Silva, André L. N.

; Franco-Belussi, Lilian

; Fernandes, Carlos E.

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2023, Volume 21 Nº 2 elocation e220108

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Pygocentrus nattereri is a widely distributed species in the Neotropical region and a potential bio-indicator. Kidneys have functions in fish physiology, allowing them to live in different environments. We aimed to compare the histological characteristics of caudal kidneys between males and females, associating them with the renosomatic index (RSI). For this purpose, 15 males and 14 females were used for biometric and histological analyses. Structural volumetric density (SVD), renal corpuscle histometric measures, and hemosiderin and lipofuscin deposit frequency in macrophages melanogenic (MMs) were assessed. No biometric differences were observed between the sexes, but body weight and standard length were correlated with RSI. The SVD showed difference in hematopoietic tissue between female and males, whereas the density of the other structures was not different. The RSI was positively associated with hematopoietic tissue and proximal tubule density in contrast to distal tubules, blood vessels, collecting ducts and MMs. Females exhibited a higher renal corpuscle area, glomerulus area, distal tubule diameter, collecting tubule area, and collecting tubule lumen area. These differences may be due to metabolic differences between males and females. Sex effect in P. nattereri may define punctual differences in future studies on the metabolism and immunity of this species.

Resumo Pygocentrus nattereri é uma espécie amplamente distribuída na região Neotropical e pode ser considerada como um potencial bioindicador ambiental. Os rins têm funções cruciais na fisiologia dos peixes, permitindo-lhes viver em diferentes ambientes. Nosso objetivo foi comparar as características histológicas dos rins excretores entre machos e fêmeas, associando-as ao índice renossomático (IRS). Para tanto, 15 machos e 14 fêmeas foram utilizados para análises biométricas e histológicas. Amostras do tecido renal foram processadas para densidade estrutural volumétrica, medidas histométricas do corpúsculo renal e frequência dos depósitos de hemossiderina e lipofuscina nos macrófagos melonogênicos (MMs). Não foram observadas diferenças biométricas entre os sexos, mas a massa corporal e o comprimento padrão foram correlacionados com IRS. Apenas a densidade estrutural volumétrica do tecido hematopoiético foi diferente entre machos e fêmeas. Não houve diferença nas demais estruturas. O IRS associou-se positivamente com o tecido hematopoiético e densidade dos túbulos proximais e negativamente com os túbulos distais, vasos sanguíneos, ductos coletores e MMs. As fêmeas apresentaram maior área do corpúsculo renal, área do glomérulo, diâmetro do túbulo distal, área do túbulo coletor e área do lúmen do túbulo coletor. Essas diferenças podem ser devida às diferenças metabólicas entre machos e fêmeas. Particularidade do efeito de sexo em P. nattereri pode definir diferenças pontuais em futuros estudos sobre o metabolismo e imunidade nesta espécie.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0108

13.

Análisis comparativo entre inviernos consecutivos en la selección del hábitat de gorriones de pastizal: precipitación pluvial y banco de semillas
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Martínez Guerrero, José Hugo

; Pereda Solís, Martín Emilio

; Sierra Franco, Daniel

; Salazar Borunda, Manuel Armando

; Tarango Arambula, Luis Antonio

; Strasser, Erin H.

; Panjabi, Arvind

Huitzil

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Dez 2022, Volume 23 Nº 2 elocation e640

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La distribución de los recursos utilizados por las aves direcciona procesos ecológicos como la selección del hábitat. El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar durante dos inviernos consecutivos, la selección del hábitat de gorriones de pastizal y evaluar la influencia de la precipitación anual y la biomasa de semillas disponible en el suelo. Durante dos inviernos colectamos semillas del suelo en 45 sitios usados por el gorrión de Baird (Centronyx bairdii) y el gorrión chapulín (Ammodramus savannarum) y en lugares aleatorios (n= 45) sin aves registradas. Determinamos los sitios de uso mediante la captura de aves a las que les colocamos un transmisor y dimos seguimiento mediante telemetría. Los sitios utilizados por los gorriones tuvieron una biomasa de semillas significativamente mayor que los sitios aleatorios, y fue similar entre especies. Por lo que el recurso alimenticio juega un papel importante en la selección del hábitat invernal de los gorriones. Además, encontramos una correlación positiva entre la precipitación anual y la biomasa de semillas, lo que resulta importante ante un escenario de cambio climático, por la influencia que encontramos en las aves para seleccionar sitios de invernada con mayor biomasa de semillas en años de menor cantidad de lluvia. Nuestros resultados amplían la información disponible sobre la selección del hábitat invernal de C. bairdii y A. savannarum en México.

Abstract The distribution of resources used by birds directs ecological processes, such as habitat selection. The aim of the present study was to compare in two consecutive winters the habitat selection of grassland sparrows, and to evaluate the influence of annual precipitation and available ground seed biomass. Over two winters we collected seeds from the ground at 45 sites used by Baird’s Sparrow (Centronyx bairdii) and Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum) and at random sites (n = 45) where no birds were registered. We determined used sites by radio-tracking captured birds fitted with a transmitter. Sites used by sparrows had significantly higher seed biomass than random sites, and this was similar between species. Therefore, the food resource plays an important role in the selection of the winter habitat of the sparrows. In addition, we found a positive correlation between annual precipitation and seed biomass, which is important in a climate change scenario, due to the influence we found on the birds to select wintering sites with higher seed biomass in years with less rainfall. Our results expand the available information on the winter habitat selection of C. bairdii and A. savannarum in Mexico.

https://doi.org/10.28947/hrmo.2022.23.2.580

14.

Antagonist activities and phylogenetic relationships of actinomycetes isolated from an Artemisia habitat
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Franco, Ana Cecilia Gonzalez

; Hernández, Loreto Robles

Revista argentina de microbiología

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Dez 2022, Volume 54 Nº 4 Páginas 91 - 100

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Diverse habitats have been screened for novel antimicrobial actinomycetes, while others remain unexplored. In this study, we analyzed the bioactivities of actinomycetes cul-tured from rhizosphere soils of the desert plant Artemisia tridentata and the nearby bulk soils. Actinomycetes were screened for antifungal and antibacterial activities toward a panel of plant pathogens; all comparisons were between activities of rhizosphere soil isolates toward those of its counterpart bulk soil. A selected group of the strongest antifungal isolates were also tested against two antifungal-drug resistant strains of Candida albicans. 16S rDNA partial sequences and phylogenetic analysis of isolates that showed broad-spectrum antifungal activities were performed. Forty-two out of 200 and two soil isolated actinomycetes were selected for their strong antifungal activities. The highest proportion of isolates (p <0.05) from rhizosphere soil of an old plant showed antagonism against gram-positive bacteria (0.483 and 0.224 propor-tions against Bacillus subtilis and Rathayibacter tritici, respectively), and phytopathogenic fungi (0.259, 0.431, and 0.345 proportions against Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum, respectively), while the highest antagonism against the gram-negative bacteria predominated in isolates from the bulk soils. Isolates from a rhizosphere soil of a young plant were characterized for strong antagonist activities against Fusarium oxysporum (0.333 proportion, p<0.05). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences showed that isolates that exhibited strong antifungal activity were genetically similar. We conclude that the rhizosphere soil of A. tridentata is an excellent source for discovery of actinomycetes with potentially novel antifungal compounds.

Resumen En la búsqueda de actinomicetos antimicrobianos se han estudiado diversos hábitats, pero muchos permanecen aún sin explorar. En este estudio analizamos las actividades biológicas de cultivos de actinomicetos provenientes de suelos rizosféricos de la planta desértica Artemisia tridentata y de suelos no asociados a sus raíces. Los actinomicetos fueron seleccionados por sus actividades antifúngicas y antibacterianas contra un panel de patógenos de plantas. Todas las comparaciones fueron entre las actividades de los aislados rizosféricos y aquellas de los aislados no asociados a las raíces. Un grupo selecto de los aislados con las mayores actividades antifúngicas fueron también evaluados contra 2 cepas de Candida albicans resistentes a antifúngicos. Se realizó la secuenciación parcial del ARNr 16S y el análisis filogenético de los aislados que mostraron actividades antifúngicas de amplio espectro. Se seleccionaron 42 de 202 actinomicetos aislados por sus fuertes actividades antifúngicas. La mayor proporción de aislados de suelo rizosférico de plantas viejas mostraron antagonismo contra bacterias gram positivas y hongos fitopatógenos (proporciones de 0,259; 0,431 y 0,345 contra Fusarium oxyspo-rum, Rhizoctonia solani y Pythium ultimum, respectivamente), mientras que la mayor actividad antagónica contra las bacterias gram negativas predominaron en aislados de suelo no asociado a raíces. Los aislados de suelo rizosférico de plantas jóvenes se caracterizaron por una fuerte actividad antagónica contra F. oxysporum (proporción de 0,333, p < 0,05). El análisis filogenético de secuencias del ADNr 16S mostró que los aislados que presentaron fuerte actividad antifúng-ica fueron genéticamente similares. Concluimos que el suelo rizosférico de A. tridentata es una fuente excelente para el descubrimiento de actinomicetos productores de compuestos antifúngicos potencialmente novedosos.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2022.05.003

15.

Emulating Textures Using Vibrotactile Technology: HaptTech System and its Adaptation to a Commercial Kinesthetic Interface
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Santís-Chaves, Maurício

; Franco-Mesa, Juan С.

; ZapataJSerruecos, José F.

; Hernández-Calle, Jonathan A.

; Salinas, Sergio A.

; Pérez-Ariza, Vera Z.

Ingeniería e Investigación

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Dez 2022, Volume 42 Nº 3 elocation e210

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT This article presents the development and testing of a tactile interface prototype, HaptTech, that applies vibrotactile stimulation patterns to the fingertip, as well as an analysis of its performance when coupled to the commercial kinesthetic interface Novint Falcon. Its applicability in digital entertainment expects to improve the level of immersion into virtual reality scenarios. In the first experiment, a group of 75 subjects compared three different vibration stimuli that emulated different textures. They evaluated the stimuli on a 1 to 10 scale, where 1 means 'non-perceivable differences' and 10 means 'entirely differentiable'. The obtained mean values were 9 (textures 1 and 3), 8,29 (textures 1 and 2), and 7,43 (textures 2 and 3), indicating HaptTech's capability to reproduce differentiable stimuli. In the second experiment, 31 subjects evaluated the coupling between HaptTech and Novint Falcon. They perceived differences when the HaptTech system was activated in the context of a comparison between kinesthetic and vibrotactile plus kinesthetic stimuli. In the third experiment, the subjects evaluated the similarity between the perceived stimuli on the hand and a visualized texture pattern in a virtual environment. The resulting median values were 8, 8, and 9 for textures 1, 2, and 3, respectively, which demonstrate that the subjects perceived a high correspondence for each one.

RESUMEN Este artículo presenta el desarrollo y pruebas de un prototipo de interfaz táctil, HaptTech, que aplica al dedo patrones de estímulo vibrotáctil, así como un análisis de su desempeho cuando se acopla con la interfaz cinestésica comercial Novint Falcon. Su aplicabilidad en el entretenimiento digital espera mejorar el nivel de inmersión en escenarios de realidad virtual. En el primer experimento, un grupo de 75 personas comparó tres estímulos de vibración que emulaban diferentes texturas. Evaluaron el estímulo en una escala de 1 a 10, donde 1 significa 'diferencias no perceptibles' diferencias y 10 significa 'completamente diferenciables'. Los promedios fueron 9 (texturas 1 y 3), 8,29 (texturas 1 y 2) y 7,43 (texturas 2 y 3), indicando la capacidad del HaptTech de reproducir estímulos diferenciables. En el segundo experimento, 31 sujetos evaluaron el acople entre HaptTech y Novint Falcon. Los participantes percibieron diferencias cuando el sistema HaptTech se activaba en el contexto de una comparación entre estímulos cinestésicos y estímulos cinestésicos y vibrotáctiles. En el tercer experimento, los sujetos evaluaron la similitud entre el estímulo percibido en la mano y un patrón de textura visualizado en un ambiente virtual. Las medianas resultantes fueron 8, 8 y 9 para las texturas 1, 2, y 3 respectivamente, lo cual demuestra que los sujetos percibieron una alta correspondencia para cada una.

https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.87296

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